Paul RakoTechnical Editor Paul Rako looks at analog technology in power supplies, interface, the signal path, and life in general.


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Monday, May 12, 2008

Yes, simulation-direct-to-manufacturing is BS

May 12 2008 9:10AM | Permalink | Email this | Comments (1) |
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There is a nice article in former Reed Business publication ECN magazine. The title: Software-only simulation: Fact or Phony? really caught my eye. The author, Shelly Gretlein, from National Instruments makes a pretty good case to counter outfits like Cadence and even my beloved Altium when they talk about going from simulation direct to design. All those claims do is show how completely removed from the real engineering world those companies are, and it is not a good sign.

Now most of you know how down on SPICE analog guru Bob Pease is. I have participated in flame wars with him and Analog Devices fellow Barrie Gilbert. Barrie thinks SPICE is just the cat’s meow. It is interesting to note that they were arguing about orthogonal positions. Barrie was pining for SPICE in IC design, Bob was railing against its uselessness in system design. The big difference is that any decent analog IC design company will spend, oh, about 150 to 300 million dollars per year on insuring the process and the transistor models match up. And all that is being simulated in an IC house is a handful of components. SPICE for system design is a whole ‘nuther ball of wax. The models are sketchy at best, you certainly will never get your hands on the transistor-based model that the IC designer created— that would be giving away the IP for how the part is made. So you get varying levels of macro models, most that don’t properly model noise or temperature or a host of other things that will kill your design.

Very often I see engineers that love SPICE because it allows them to be ivory tower elitists that never have to go into a lab and get their hands dirty. Heck, they don’t even want a technician to make up their circuit since they would have to pick up a scope probe. As one of Bob Pease’s many pals, I can assure you he has no fear of soldering irons or scope probes. Neither does Jim Williams or Paul Grohe or Len Sherman or most other analog gurus.

I guess I just wanted to add my voice to Bob’s and this article. If you are doing real-world system level design, SPICE may be a place to test out a couple of minor design factors, but you certainly need to build a form-fit-and function prototype and test the daylights out of it before you can send it into production. Heck, even IC houses that spend 300 million to correlate process to SPICE models still have periodic disasters when the silicon does not work. The more functional companies realize that IC design is not a software project but rather, just a tiny little board layout, only the prototype costs a few hundred grand as opposed to 150 dollars from Proto Express, like us board guys can enjoy.

It is the high cost of a mask set that justifies spending so much on SPICE at IC design houses. Twenty years ago, when the space program was in vogue, some group at Ford proposed making a simulator for cars. A vice-president, I wish I could remember his name, pointed out that simulation makes sense when you have to fire a rocket off and spent a hundred million dollars just to get to your design environment. He pointed out that for a car, you could just open a garage door and drive outside. Sure there are extreme cold and heat, but that is why the automakers have winter and summer proving grounds. Like most everything else, it is analog, a little simulation in the auto business can get them started, but they sure wouldn’t put a car into production without driving it on a real road.


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Reader Comments


at 5/12/2008 8:51:43 PM, Matthew Berggren - Altium said:
Great comments Paul. I certainly can understand where the confusion/frustration about the need to simulate - or moreover, the comments to the contrary - is coming from; specifically in the context of charged emails from EDA vendors claiming it's no longer necessary...But I can also confirm, at least in the context of Altium, we still encourage the "take it for a spin on the test track" approach to design. (In fact, we want to get you there as fast as we can!) Also, there is still a place for simulation and equally so, a place for prototypes. The fact is, this isn't going to go out of style for some time, if ever. But just to clarify our terms...then I'll rant :-) there is more than SPICE-level simulation. VHDL and Verilog (and a range of other perhaps lesser known languages) are also simulatable and often *not* in the context of SPICE simulation. So when we talk simulation, it's clear here that we're talking SPICE more than we are any other languages...and where SPICE is concerned, we can concede that it has and will have its place for the foreseeable future. However it is important to recognize that the world of electronics design has indeed changed and that there are technologies that make the process of meeting or even staying ahead of market demands, much more practical. The fact of the matter is that CPLD and FPGA technology has become a cost-effective method to create a highly configurable, highly reprogrammable system, in which many of the adjustments can be made in-system, without additional prototypes; effectively 'tuning' the circuit when the first run of boards comes back as necessary. Heap onto this the advent of FPGA-based microprocessors, analog capabilities on FPGAs like what's found in Actel's line of Fusion devices, and dedicated DSP capabilities inside the FPGA, and we now have a cost effective means with which to build a highly reprogrammable, highly scalable, almost-complete analog / digital system that may only cost us that first prototype, not the fifth. With any luck, the [SPICE] simulation of that portion of the design that lives 'off-chip' (notice I mention simulation) or the bits that live outside of the FPGA / MCU (along with just good engineering know-how), has gotten us close on the first pass and we may go from prototype to production in one run -- thus the prototype becomes the production board. Moreover, we may revisit the design and without substantial changes to the board, be able to create the next generation product. Afterall, at the pace in which the soft intelligence in a design can and likely will change -- and with the differentiation having largely moved to software or soft-hardware..i.e. the UI being what sells us when we see it in the store -- it is incumbent on us as engineers to create highly scalable systems that can keep pace with demands of the market and demands from the competition. No less, is there a space for simulation? Yes. That is why in our efforts to create a unified design package, we felt it necessary to include mixed mode simulation out of the box. If it's a requirement for you and your designs, then it is our responsibility to design these technologies into the tools. Afterall, it's you who are buying from us. But as much as it is our responsibility to add simulation capability to the tool, it is equally incumbent on us to enable you to design systems using technologies that will keep you and your company "in the game". This is what drives our vision and has led us to design a tool that truly unifies all of these different domains. We would rather you got to the board and could "built it and see how it works" faster. We would also love nothing more than to give you the same flexibility in iterative design capabilities software developers have when designing firmware. This is something the soft hardware revolution promises us. But at the end of the day, the filter still needs to be tested and until we can give you that IP too, we'll keep building out our simulator. :-) Matthew Berggren Manager - Applied Technologies, Altium

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