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Wednesday, January 28, 2009

Ex-IBM engineer Papermaster cleared to work at Apple

Jan 28 2009 12:21PM | Permalink |Comments (13) |


Mark Papermaster -- the engineer who IBM took legal action against for breach of a non-compete agreement after he attempted to move to Apple Inc in early November -- will start in his new position at the iPhone maker on April 24.

IBM announced it settled its preliminary injunction with Papermaster Tuesday, allowing the EE to move to Apple where he will lead the company's iPod and iPhone hardware engineering teams as senior VP of devices hardware engineering, but with a few strings attached.

After Papermaster left IBM to begin employment with Apple, IBM claimed such a move violated Papermaster's non-compete agreement, inked in IBM's home state of New York in 2006 and stating that he could not work for an IBM competitor for a year after leaving the company.

Papermaster, a 26-year IBM veteran who worked on the PowerPC architecture and most recently worked in IBM's blade server division, argued that there are "significant differences between IBM's business (focused on large-scale machines for business) and Apple's business (focused on consumer-oriented) electronics" and, as such, Apple should not be considered a competitor to IBM. In contrast, IBM argued that, post Apple's buy of PA Semi, the company did compete with it because PA makes MPUs based on the PowerPC architecture.

A judge agreed with IBM, saying that attempt to distinguish between large-scale and consumer electronics are mute points because electronic devices--large and small--are powered by the same type of intelligence, MPUs. As Papermaster is considered a PowerPC expert, he was held back from his employment at Apple.

With the preliminary injunction concluded, he's free to move on, but not until six months after his leaving IBM (on the April 24 start date).

Papermaster will also remain subject to all of his contractual and other legal duties to IBM, including the obligation not to use or disclose IBM’s confidential information.

Further, Papermaster will be required to certify, in July and again in October, that he has complied with his legal obligations not to use or disclose IBM’s confidential or proprietary information.

And the preliminary injunction will be replaced by a court order under which the court will have continuing jurisdiction over this matter, including compliance enforcement powers, until October 24, 2009, one year after Papermaster’s departure from IBM.

What do you think about the outcome of this legal action? Is it fair that Papermaster how to certify for the next year that he is complying with the non-compete agreement? Share your thoughts on non-compete agreements, Papermaster's situation, and IBM's argument in the matters below.


Reader Comments



at 1/28/2009 3:21:45 PM, mikwindspeed said:
Working for a high tech company myself, I certainly understand IBM's position in this matter but it does seem a bit stretched/desperate on IBM's part as related to iphone technology. But,in reality they are just not taking any chances that any aspect of Papermaster's knowledge can contribute to Apple's infringing on any market they are are in or thinking about getting into.



at 1/28/2009 3:22:50 PM, Steve said:
The judge clearly didn't get it. It doesn't matter whether IBM and Apple use similar technology to implement their products. What matters is that they sell into different markets and thus do not compete. I'm sure the judge congratulated himself for understanding MPUs. It's just too bad he didn't understand markets and competition. Why is it that those who would presume to rule us all seem so incompetent?



at 1/28/2009 3:38:14 PM, Rob said:
Correct me if I'm wrong. IBM took action because they thought Papermaster was working for a competitor. However, the judge ignored the fact that Apple is not considered a competitor to IBM, but still ruled in favor of IBM because the IP at both companies was similar. It just doesn't make any sense.



at 1/28/2009 4:24:36 PM, JustAnEngineer said:
Yes, it''''''''s fair. At his level, he is in a position to substantially effect the ability for Apple to compete with IBM in PowerPC space. He knew (or should have known) what he was signing when he did it and is lucky IBM still allowed him to modify the terms of the contract.



at 1/28/2009 4:28:18 PM, Tex said:
Of course the judge ruled for IBM: it was a case of a giant corporation against an individual - a political question against a legal one (forget about the mere engineering/technical aspects). As long as corporations are legal (as opposed to natural) persons we'll always see this outcome.



at 1/29/2009 1:48:43 AM, IanP said:
This sort of employment contract would generally be illegal in the UK and most of Europe because it imposes 'restraint of trade' clauses and effectively prevents people from earning a living. But both IBM and the US judiciary are missing the point completely. IBM is doing both itself and the US economy a major disservice by preventing the outflow of technological knowledge (knowledge diffusion). Unless IBM's IP and patent lawyers are incompetent then their IP is safe. By allowing Papermaster to go where he likes with his knowledge he would in effect publicise IBM's technology, and with the right kind of approach IBM would end up with a technology licence agreement with Apple, maybe even a new development partner.
On the national level, these restrictions on employment create disruptions in the labour market and stultify US technological development.
If Apple really wanted the PowerPC secrets, simply monitoring the technical press and a little reverse engineering would generate that knowledge much faster than pumping an engineer, who at best could only know 20% of the technology.



at 1/29/2009 3:57:34 AM, IcePowder said:
Reading between the lines it would seem IBM is using this as a warning to others. IBM may be working on something that they are very sensitive about and are insuring that the individual knows that they intend to protect their interests using every extent possible. It would be interesting also to know what sort of counter offer they made (if any). IBM is putting Mr. Papermaster under the microscope to insure that he commits no misdeeds to dishonor his contract...,



at 1/29/2009 5:41:07 AM, paul said:
1) Apple doesn't make Power PC; it was using it; no more; maybe that's why...
2) Did he received 1 year severance?
3) Who will hire you to make chairs, if you spent 25 years in semiconductor industry?
4) Did any of you receive 1 year severance?
5) Why do we sign the NDA for 1 year and not ask for 1 year severance?



at 1/29/2009 9:36:43 AM, spaceman spiff said:
Like so many companies these days, IBM is ruled by their lawyers, and lawyers don't like to give up any perceived advantage. In this case, the perceived advantage is IP. Their attitude, at root, is "If I can't keep it, you can't have it!". I think it's time we put a stop to this cruft. Patents are totally out of hand, copyrights preserve no one's rights, and trademarks are being "enforced" (with a rubber hose) on companies where there is no conflict. This will be the downfall of our society, since it is rapidly becoming impossible for anyone to innovate without "violating" someone else's perceived IP, Copyright, or Trademark.



at 1/29/2009 11:04:40 AM, Gene Climer said:
I think it is very hypocritical. CEO's and management VP's sign the same sort of non-compete clauses, yet they move freely and rarely does anyone even blink an eye at them. And they take there golden prachutes with them. I say, leave the poor man alone. IBM is not doing very well by him, or he would not want to be leaving in the first place.



at 1/30/2009 4:28:45 PM, Chris said:
I'm thinking these anti-compete agreements should be made illegal in the US unless they begin to provide full benefits and salary for the person prevented from working for a competitor. Kind of a technology parachute for the individuals. Face it, companies don't innovate, individuals and teams of individuals do. We need to restore the value to being an innovator so that individuals not corporate executives get the rewards.



at 2/3/2009 11:26:49 AM, HK said:
I strongly agree with Chris. IBM should not be allowed to prevent someone from earning a living with whomever they choose. Pay him his full salary and benefits for the year if you do not want him working for a competitor. Simple



at 3/5/2009 1:49:05 PM, Semiman said:
In Canada (similar to Europe), IBM would have lost in a heartbeat. I am even surprised that they won in the U.S. Granted we do not have all the facts, but unless IBM has IPhone and IPOD clones on the horizon, this judgement does not make any sense at all!

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