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Redox battery for EVs is recharged in minutes through electrolyte exchange

October 15, 2009

In general, batteries are good at storing energy and not so good at charging or discharging rapidly. Supercaps, on the other hand, are excellent at fast charging/discharging, but not so good at storing energy over a period of days or months. Ideally, for energy storage and delivery for the next generation of electric vehicles, you need both characteristics. After all, it takes just 5 minutes to gas (or diesel) up a conventional car. The 4 – 10 hours it takes to re-charge today’s batteries is a sticking point for EVs of the future.

Frounhofer prototype EV w/redox batteryThe redox battery (which is shorthand for reduction-oxidation flow battery) offers a novel solution to the problem of charging times: Replace the discharged electrolyte with a fully-charged electrolyte much as you’d fill up an empty tank with more gasoline. Here’s the Wikipeida description:

“A flow battery is a form of rechargeable battery in which electrolyte containing one or more dissolved electroactive species flows through an electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy directly to electricity… Flow batteries can be rapidly "recharged" by replacing the electrolyte liquid (in a similar way to refilling fuel tanks for internal combustion engines) while simultaneously recovering the spent material for re-energization.”

The problem with redox batteries is that they can’t store as much energy as, say, a lithium ion battery –only a quarter as much. However, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology ICT have refined the process for a redox cell that allows a four-to five-fold increase in energy storage, making it on par with lithium ion batteries. (No details so far on the exact refinements.)

The German government is aiming for one million electric cars being sold in Germany by the year 2020.

Posted by Margery Conner on October 15, 2009 | Comments (6)

January 2, 2010
In response to: Redox battery for EVs is recharged in minutes through electrolyte exchange
William Ketel commented:

This entry is a bit belated, it seems. BUT for ceretain the government will always fail to consider the unintended consequences of an action, see our current economic condition for the most obvious example. They should only allow, not mandate, things. The replacable electrolyte battery does sound a lot like a fuel cell, it is true. Now here is a suggestion, which is for a fuel cell that works on carbon-based materials instead of hydrogen, or hydrogen releasing materials. Just think, if we had a fuel cell that would run on methane, or perhaps even fuel oil. Use the present distribution network, be compatible with current vehicles, greatly reduce emissions, allowing electric drive, which can be controlled much more efficiently. As a side benefit, the same fuel cell could power your house while you were home, reducing the demand on the grid. I have not thought through any of the downside possibilities, but berhaps others may come up with some. Seldom does an idea not have a few down sides. But it does seem like it would be worth considering.


November 1, 2009
In response to: Redox battery for EVs is recharged in minutes through electrolyte exchange
Who Knew commented:

To dick_freebird: The replacement electrolyte need not be transported, other than in the vehicle in which it's being used. In the vehicle's battery, the electrolyte is depleted. At the exchange station, when the depleted electrolyte is recovered, it could be fed to a stationary battery set of some sort, and charging that battery will revitalize the electrolyte. Think of it as a variation on the battery exchange method. It still seems problematic to me. Flow batteries are best kept to stationary uses.


October 21, 2009
In response to: Redox battery for EVs is recharged in minutes through electrolyte exchange
OuttaGas commented:

I wonder how long the plates last under continued discharge? What are the plates made of, and what is the cost of refurbishment of the cells?


October 21, 2009
In response to: Redox battery for EVs is recharged in minutes through electrolyte exchange
E_Carfield commented:

Heard ~ same news from an Israel source few years ago then ... nothing until today. This liquid battery concept is attractive but seems to evaporate into vapor(ware)then condensate back from year to year. It appears that lithium titanate and carbon coated metallic salts are more crisp technologies. For example, an IREQ team (Canada) has done successful multiple deep cycling of 2kWhr battery in seconds without degradation. E_Carfield


October 20, 2009
In response to: Redox battery for EVs is recharged in minutes through electrolyte exchange
Veritas commented:

Thank you, to cb, for missing the point entirely. cb was spot on in expressing his concern well-intentioned but misguided government mandates. Said mandates stifle and delay development of superior technologies, and there is no rational cause for rushing ineffective solutions as replacements for the combustion engine. Let the market decide.


October 20, 2009
In response to: Redox battery for EVs is recharged in minutes through electrolyte exchange
KyferEz commented:

Have you heard of Tesla Motors? Their 2nd generation EV, the Model S, scheduled for release in 2011? It has a 5-minute battery-swap, and has a 45-minute quick-charge option!

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