Power line communication sees increasing interest for Smart Grid
Here’s an summary of the first steps needed in the move towards the smart grid: Why Your Smart Grid Must Start with Communications from Smart Grid News. The authors, Meir Shargal and Doug Houseman of energy consulting firm Capgemini, list five steps, which I’ve excerpted and summarized here:
1. Gathering data: Collect data from many sources on the grid (sensors, meters, voltage detection, etc.), in the customer premises (sensors for high-consuming appliances, etc.), and from external sources (weather, etc). How many devices, how big is the data and how often do you want to talk to the devices? … Remember that data travels in two directions and one of the largest transfers of data to devices is firmware updates.
2. Analyzing and forecasting needs: In the typical world not all the data that a device can send is sent, but there are times when the engineering team needs additional data for forecasting or analysis. (This sounds similar to what Jeffrey Taft told us about the importance of DSP analysis of grid data in this EDN Voices column: IBM’s Jeffrey Taft: Bringing intelligence to the power grid
3. Security Requirements and Security Overhead: Standards like NERC-CIP and emerging standards in Europe require a level of security that adds to the traffic on the network. Additionally, standards like ZigBee and HomePlug can have message traffic which is more than 75 percent security overhead.
4. Monitoring / managing / acting: Once you know what the grid is doing, you have to act on it, and the latency on those actions is impacted by the traffic level on the communications network.
5. Rebuilding the grid to support bidirectional power flow, looping circuits and transfer of power from substation to substation: The first four steps will have little impact to the end customers if you cannot act on the information that is collected and analyzed. This will be the most expensive part of the Smart Grid deployment, and will in most cases, take 20 years or more to complete across a whole service territory. [I added the italics.]
Ok, with this lead-in on the importance of communications to the Smart Grid, let’s circle back to today’s announcement of Analog Devices’ purchase of the PowerBUS RHINO power-line communication (PLC) technology from Domosys Corp. This technology fits in nicely with ADI’s power meter ICs, such as the ADE51xx and ADE55xx single-chip metering devices.
Maxim, on the other hand, has developed its own MAX2990, an OFDM-based, power-line communication (PLC) modem, which supports two-way data communication over AC and DC powerlines at speeds up to 100kbps. (OFDM = Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing.) Las December, Maxim announced it had won a contract to define and develop a next-generation, powerline-communication solution for Electricité Réseau Distribution France (ERDF), in partnership with French-based Sagem Communications.
Brian’s Brain post on general PLC mentions ham-radio operators’ concerns about EMI concerns, which comments on this PowerSource thread on broadband-over-powerline communications also raised.
The Smart Grid will ultimately be decided by an international diverse group of government bureaucrats, so who knows what technology(ies) will ultimately be adopted, but PLC technology looks like a top contender for the Smart Grid communication backbone.
Steve-O commented:
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ismail ADAM commented:
Not so pessimistic ... but commented:
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