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Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density

January 8, 2008

Lithium ion batteries have been around since 1991. Over the years vendors such as Sony, Toshiba, and Panasonic have tinkered with the anode, cathode, and separator chemistry and structure to make them the high-energy storage devices they are today. You could make a good argument that they are almost as significant an enabler of today’s consumer electronics as the microprocessor. Try to imagine a cell phone, or an iPod, or a blue-tooth –enabled headset without energy-dense, rechargeable lithium ion batteries.

I had the chance at CES yesterday to talk with Ross Dueber, founder of the silver-zinc battery company ZPower which is a potential rival to lithium ion for energy-dense storage. Intel’s venture capital arm, Intel Capital, thinks enough of the technology’s future that it’s financially backing ZPower, a significant vot of confidence. Dueber was on the CES panel, Top 10 Technologies You’ve Never Heard Of.”

Silver-zinc chemistry has three significant advantages over lithium ion, according to Dueber: It’s inherently safer because it lacks the volatile cathode makeup that leads to a thermal runaway, it’s very green since both silver and zinc are non-toxic as well as recyclable, and, perhaps most importantly, it packs 40% more energy into a battery pack than lithium ion can.

Silver-zinc has a long history that pre-dates ZPower. It was used by the military and aerospace where programs could afford to pay for the higher-priced silver in exchange for increased energy density. However, it was not rechargeable. ZPower’s contribution has been to tweak with the silver-zinc formulation to make the batteries rechargeable. But now that ZPower has the chemistry down pat, there’s still the two-pronged challenge of developing a widespread manufacturing base (think of the number of Chinese lithium ion battery vendors) as well as introducing design engineers to silver-zinc’s different charge-discharge profile.

ZPower is presently using Tyco on a contract basis to both manufacture the cells and battery packs for a laptop vendor that should announce a silver-zinc-powered laptop in 2008. In the meantime, ZPower has worked with TI to develop tweaked versions of TI’s battery-charging ICs to simplify incorporating silver-zinc batteries into portable designs. Lithium ion may have a 15-year head start, but it looks like it has a strong competing technology going forward.

[Note: Check the PowerSource post with the comment from Gannon & Scott agreeing with the recyclability of the technology.]

Posted by Margery Conner on January 8, 2008 | Comments (14)

April 16, 2010
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
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April 11, 2010
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
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June 3, 2009
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
Professor commented:

In my opinion the constant use of galvanian cells is so very threathening to our social-economic community, society and environment, that I have to pledge and even pray for the ultimate and only solution of eliminating all power storage systems, to prevent the world being taken over by machines. Sincerely and in good hopes fo huminity the Professor


July 10, 2008
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
ChrisPE commented:

Good article Margery. I remember making a comment about military technology batteries when we talked about electric cars.It happens to be that way that all big technical gadgets(calculators,lcd screens....)are a "fallout" of military ,so now after submarines used it for several decades (an they were rechargeable) we are blessed with a new version of 40 year old technology.I guess that it boils down to a fact that if we REALLY want something ,we can get it.Let's get that technology and make it popular , before speculators buy out all silver and oil moguls start writing nonsence articles of dangers connected with Silver-Zinc batteries.


March 9, 2008
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
joe commented:

Intel would not invest if it was not ready for prime time. I know I would pay a premium for the 40 percent run time improvement, that is one of the most important things for me in a laptop since I travel constantly doing software consulting. I really don't care about the safety or environmental features, although I suppose it doesn't hurt to have the warm fuzzy eco thing. The people posting here saying Lithium ion is going to improve rapidly do not know what they are talking about. Lithium Ion is a very mature technology. So, a new technology that beats lithium ion by 40 percent out of the gate is very encouraging. Maybe I will to my silver miners portfolio.


January 23, 2008
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
Dan commented:

J. Williams said it ALL. Good Post


January 22, 2008
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
GDBryan39 commented:

We need to face it: Better lead acid is the way to go if you don''t need to haul it anywhere. Better lead acid batteries once were and can be again. If your foundation can hold it up, use lead acid. If you have to move it around, we do need the other batteries for sure. Electric cars could be run from the street under the car most of the time if we would plan it right and then do it. That way we only need to power the vehicle for short distances for off ramps and byways. Why not use the road way as a power source. That is especially true of trains which always go down the same tracks day after day. Who says all the powere has to reside in the car.


January 22, 2008
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
GDBryan39 commented:

We need to face it: Better lead acid is the way to go if you don't need to haul it anywhere. Better lead acid batteries once were and can be again. If your foundation can hold it up, use lead acid. If you have to move it around, we do need the other batteries for sure. Electric cars could be run from the street under the car most of the time if we would plan it right and then do it. That way we only need to power the vehicle for short distances for off ramps and byways. Why not use the road way as a power source. That is especially true of trains which always go down the same tracks day after day. Who says all the powere has to reside in the car.


January 15, 2008
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
Meredith Poor commented:

Someone from Stanford has announced a 10x LiIon energy density improvement using silicon nanowires. Do a keyword search on "Stanford LiIon Silicon Nanowire". They're claiming commercialization in less than five years.


January 10, 2008
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
John Faraday commented:

How long has ZPower been in business, and what batteries have they sold? If this is such a good idea wouldn't we see competition?


January 9, 2008
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
Bo commented:

Just my prediction, within 5~10 years, Li-ion battery will increase the energy density by 10 fold using nano technology. And the fire safety issue will be solved by then. The car industry will be the biggest driver for Li-ion battery improvement. Silver battery may have it's place. But challenge Li-ion? The chance is slim.


January 9, 2008
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
PAUL commented:

Surely this is yet another demand on silver (price increase!) that it will struggle to fulfil along with all of the new uses such as Hospital anti bacterial uses etc. etc. etc. Is there no end to this wonder metals' usefuleness!???


January 8, 2008
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
J. Williams commented:

Silver zinc with a KOH electrolyte is rechargeable. That is not new. It's been around for decades in military systems. As for energy density, by volume, Ag-Zn may have better energy density, but by weight it's a wash. However, as I have experience in a program that used a Ag-Zn battery of over a megawatt hour, the reliability was not good at the higher energy densities. Dendrite formation was probably the biggest bugaboo. Unfortunately, the battery would only tolerate about 5 to 20 charge cycles before needing replacement due to cell shorts from dendrite formations puncturing the cell separators. As for safety, the KOH Ag-Zn battery has issues with both H2 and O2 production. Doesn't that sound explosive? The plates may be non-toxic but the electrolyte can be nasty. KOH is a main ingredient in drain cleaners, very caustic. The charging of the cells have to be watched carefully. I don't know what chemistry ZPower are proposing, but I don't see Ag-Zn taking over Li-ion anytime soon. By the way, this military program has now been using a 1.3 MWHr Li-ion battery very sucessfully for over two years.


January 8, 2008
In response to: Silver-zinc battery technology poised to challenge lithium for energy density
number1bigboy commented:

How does the cost of silver come into the equation, if at all?

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